Patient has bladder pain or discomfort lasting at least 6 weeks

Obtain medical history, physical examination, urinalysis and urine culture

Is urinary tract infection (UTI) present?

Yes → Treat UTI, reassess after resolution. END.

No → Continue evaluation

Consider other possible causes (e.g., neurologic disorders, gynecologic conditions, urologic abnormalities, history of radiation, prolapse, bladder tumors)

Are alternate causes identified?

Yes → Manage according to that condition. END.

No → Continue

Perform additional evaluation as needed: - Post-void residual - Cystoscopy if indicated - Imaging or specialist referral if suspicion remains

If no infection or other identifiable cause, then diagnose: “Interstitial cystitis / bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS)”

Patient with bladder pain ≥ 6 weeks

Obtain history, exam, urinalysis, urine culture

UTI present?

Treat UTI, then reassess

End

Other causes? (neurologic, gynecologic, urologic, radiation, prolapse, tumor)

Manage according to alternate cause

End

Further evaluation needed?

Post-void residual, cystoscopy, imaging, specialist referral

Findings suggest alternate diagnosis?

Manage according to findings

End

Diagnosis: Interstitial cystitis / bladder pain syndrome