Type of liquid in the prism (water, kerosene, glycerin, etc). This will change each time and alter the refractive index due to differences in density and molecular structure. The prism will be well charged with liquid and free of bubbles.

Refractive index for the liquid (minimum deviation method). Calculated using the formula:

n = sin((A + D_min)/2) / sin(A/2)

where A is the prism angle and D_min is the minimum deviation angle.

Prism's shape and material. The same hollow prism will be used for all liquids to ensure consistent results.

Colour (wavelength) of the light used. The colour source will be kept constant to maintain the same wavelength, as changes affect the refractive index.

Room temperature was maintained constant because water temperature affects the refractive index. The same room temperature was used throughout the experiment.

Volume of liquid in the prism. A fully filled flask will be used to avoid air bubbles that could affect refraction paths.

Angle measurement method. The same spectrometer or protractor setup will be used for every trial to ensure consistent measurements.

Individual recording the data will be the only one to record all data, ensuring consistency and persistence of any errors.