Choose a bridge andbegin your analysis

Literature Review and Data Collection Review published research, technical reports, and code provisions Collect case-specific data: river hydrology, soil characteristics, bridge foundation, flood events of the bridge

Hydraulic and Scour Analysis Analyze river flow velocities, discharge records, flood frequency data Estimate scour depths using HEC-18, IS:3995 formulas

Structural Assessment Evaluate foundation type, depth, vulnerability under scour Study failure progression via structural response modeling

Forensic Investigation Examine failure sequence, eyewitness accounts, photographs Identify critical failure triggers and factors

Lessons Learned and Preventive Measures Propose engineering strategies for scour risk mitigation Include riprap protection, sheet piling, real-time monitoring

Results and Conclusion

2