Capture real-time images and video steams of road traffic scenarios using cameras or webca

Apply preprocessing techniques such a.r.izing, normalization, and noise reduction on collected images to enhance clarity and prepare data for further processing

Generate color masks for specific HSV ranges corresponding to each signal color, Apply these masks to segment out potential signal regions from each frame

Utilize contour detection algorithms (e.g, OpenCV contours) to locate and extract candidate regions that potentially contain traffic lights. Filter these regions by shape and size to reduce false posi-

Use trained machine learning or deep learning models (such as Convolutional Neural Networks via TensorFlow) to classify the extracted candidate regions as red, yellow, of green signals. Optionally, further refine results using en-

Integrate the recognition module with the broader system (autonomous vehicle controller, ADAS dashboard, etc.), Ensure optimized, low-late-